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-->This article describes the support information for the large-sector (4K) drives when they are used with Windows and other Microsoft products.
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Original product version: Windows 10, version 1809 and later versions, Windows Server 2019, Windows 7 Service Pack 1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2
Original KB number: 2510009
Summary
Over the next few years, the data storage industry will be transitioning the physical format of hard disk drives from 512-byte sectors to 4,096-byte sectors (also known as 4K or 4 KB sectors). This transition is driven by several factors. These include increases in storage density and reliability. This transition causes incompatibility issues with existing software (including operating systems and applications).
This article describes the current Microsoft support policy for these new drive types in Windows operating systems. Applications and hardware devices may have reliability and performance issues when they are connected to these new kinds of drives. Contact your application and hardware vendors about their support policies for these new drive types.
There are three drive types that we will discuss here. Because Microsoft support policy differs for each, you should verify the drive type that you have installed before you read any further.
| Common Names | Reported Logical Sector Size | Reported Physical Sector Size | Windows Version with Support |
|---|---|---|---|
| 512-byte Native, 512n | 512 bytes | 512 bytes | All Windows versions |
| Advanced Format, 512e, AF, 512-byte Emulation | 512 bytes | 4 KB | Windows Vista with update KB 2553708 installed Windows Server 2008* with update KB 2553708 installed Windows 7 with update KB 982018 installed Windows Server 2008 R2* with update KB 982018 installed All Windows versions from Windows 7 Server Pack 1 and later versions. All Server versions from Server 2008 R2 Server Pack 1 and later versions. *Except for Hyper-V. See the Application support requirements for large-sector drives section. |
| Advance Format, AF, 4K Native, 4Kn | 4 KB | 4 KB | All Windows versions from Windows 8 and later versions. All Server versions from Server 2012 and later versions. |
| Other | Not 4 KB or 512 bytes | Not 4 KB or 512 bytes | Not Supported |
To verify the kind of drive that you have, follow these steps:
Install KB 982018.
Run the following command from elevated command prompt:
where
x:represents the drive that you are checking.Use the values for Bytes Per Sector and Bytes per Physical Sector to determine the kind of drive that you have. To do this, use the following table:
| Bytes Per Sector value | Bytes per Physical Sector value | Drive type |
|---|---|---|
| 4096 | 4096 | 4K native |
| 512 | 4096 | Advanced Format (also known as 512E) |
| 512 | 512 | 512-byte native |
Specific requirements for Microsoft support by operating system version
Windows 8, Windows Server 2012 and later versions
The below list summarizes the new features delivered as part of Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 to help improve customer experience with large sector disks. For more detailed description for each item, see Advanced format (4K) disk compatibility update.
Builds upon the Windows 7 SP1 support for 4K disks with emulation (512e), and provides full inbox support for disks with 4K sector size without emulation (4K Native). Some supported apps and scenarios include:
- Ability to install Windows to and boot from a 4K sector disk without emulation (4K Native Disk)
- New VHDx file format
- Full Hyper-V support
- Windows backup
- Full support with the NT File System (NTFS)
- Full support with the Resilient File System (ReFS)
- Full support with Storage Spaces
- Full support with Windows Defender
- Inbox application support
Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2
Install Service Pack 1 (SP1), or install the update 982018.
Make sure that the drivers and firmware for your storage controller and other hardware components are updated. Also, make sure that the drives and firmware support large-sector drives.
Use the updated Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE) for SP1 that will be released as part of the updated pieces of the Windows Automated Installation Kit (AIK) Supplement for Windows® 7 SP1 and of the Windows OEM Preinstallation Kit (OPK). Or, embed update 982018 into Windows PE.
Application support requirements for large-sector drives
In addition to Windows operating system support, administrators and users should make sure that their applications support these large-sector drives. Scenarios and issues to be aware of include performance, reliability, backup, and recovery. Support statements for some Microsoft applications and products include the following:
Hyper-V: Using Hyper-V with large-sector drives in Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2
SQL Server: SQL Server - New Drives Use 4K Sector Size
Exchange Server: Exchange Server storage configuration options
Third-party applications and hardware: Applications and hardware devices may have reliability and performance issues when they are connected to these new drives. Contact your application and hardware vendors about their support policy for these drives.
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Known compatibility issues
The following are known compatibility issues that may occur when you use large-sector drives:
If your Windows partitions were created using a version of Windows PE (or Windows Setup) based on a Windows codebase prior to Windows Vista SP1 (including Windows Vista RTM and all versions of Windows XP), the default partitions will be unaligned. Therefore, all I/O issued to the volume, even with the hotfixes (if applicable to your platform), will by nature be unaligned. It is recommended that you create the partitions using a Windows PE version based on the Windows Vista SP1 codebase or newer.
On Windows 7 and on Windows 2008 R2, installation will fail with an error (Windows Setup could not configure Windows on this computer's hardware) if the conditions that are outlined in the article 'Windows Setup could not configure Windows on this computer's hardware' installation error on a Windows 7-based or a Windows Server 2008 R2-based computer.
If you are using a logical sector drive of a size other than 512 bytes, Windows system image backup and restore operations may fail, and you receive the following error message: Periscope pro 2 0.
One of the backup files could not be created.
Details: The request could not be performed because of an I/O device error.
Error code: 0x8078002AIf you create a virtual hard disk (VHD) on a native 4K sector drive by using Disk Management or Hyper-V in Windows Server 2008 R2, the operation fails with an Incorrect Function error.
In Disk Management, the following error message is generated:
Virtual Disk Manager Incorrect function
In Hyper-V, the following error message is generated when the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard is used:
The server encountered an error trying to create the virtual hard disk. The system failed to create 'I:Disk0.vhd.' Error Code: Incorrect function.
In Hyper-V, the following error message is generated when the New Virtual Machine Wizard is used:
The server encountered an error while configuring hard disk on TestVM. The system failed to create 'I:TestVMTestVM.vhd.' Error Code: Incorrect function.
If fsutil.exe continues to display Bytes Per Physical Sector: after you apply the latest storage driver and the required hotfixes, make sure that the following registry path exists:
- Location:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINECurrentControlSetServicesParametersDevice - Name: EnableQueryAccessAlignment
- Type: REG_DWORD
- Value: 1: Enable
- Location:
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Unsupported scenarios
If your storage device and operating system are noted as unsupported, Microsoft Support will offer troubleshooting tips if the customer requests them. Microsoft does not guarantee that a resolution will be found for problems that involve unsupported storage devices. If no resolution is found, the cost of investigating the incident is not refunded. If it is not agreed that a solution is not guaranteed, Microsoft Support will not troubleshoot the issue and will refund the cost of investigating the incident.
Microsoft Support will use standard troubleshooting processes to isolate the storage issue. Some typical troubleshooting methods that Microsoft Support will use include the following:
Consulting the Microsoft Knowledge Base. The Microsoft Knowledge Base is available to customers through the website.
Determining whether the problem can be replicated on supported storage (when this is possible).
Note
If the storage is unsupported, there's no hotfix support available. Microsoft Support will be unable to determine whether the problem is caused by a hardware incompatibility or by unwanted software behavior.
If there's no solution to the problem, Microsoft Support may recommend some constructive alternatives. These may include the following:
- Asking the customer to reproduce the problem on a supported storage device
- Asking the customer to work with the storage provider for a solution
